1. antibiotic - compound that blocks the growth and reproduction of bacteria.
2. bacillus - rod-shaped prokaryote
3. bacteriophage - virus that infects bacteria.
4. binary fission - type of sexual reproduction in which an organism replicates its DNA and divides in half, producing two identical daughter cells.
5. capsid - outer protein coat of a virus.
6. chemoautotroph - organism that makes organic carbon molecules from carbon dioxide using energy from chemical reactions.
7. chemoheterotroph - organism that must take in organic molecules for both energy and carbon.
8. coccus - spherical prokaryote.
9. conjugation - form of sexual reproduction in which paramecia and some prokaryotes exchange genetic information.
10. endospore - type of spore formed when a bacterium produces a thick internal wall that encloses its DNA and a portion of its cytoplasm.
11. facultative anaerobe - organism that can survive with or without oxygen.
12. lysogenic infection - process by which a virus embeds its DNA in the DNA of a host cell and is replicated along with the host cell's DNA.
13. lytic infection - process in which a virus enters a cell, makes a copy of itself, and causes the cell to burst.
14. nitrogen fixation - process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia.
15. obligate anaerobe - organism that cannot live in the presence of oxygen.
16. pathogen - disease-causing agent.
17. photoheterotroph - organism that is photosynthetic but needs organic compounds as a carbon source.
18. prion - infectious particle made up of protein rather than RNA or DNA.
19. prokaryote - unicellular organism lacking a nucleus.
20. prophage - the viral DNA that is embedded in the host cell's DNA.
21. retrovirus - virus that contains RNA as its genetic information.
22. spirillium - spiral or corkscrew-shaped prokaryote.
23. vaccine - a preparation of weakened or killed pathogens.
24. viroid - single-stranded RNA molecule that has no surrounding capsids.
25. virus - particle made up of nucleic acid, protein, and in some cases lipids that can replicate only by infecting living cells.
26. photoautotroph - organism that uses sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbon molecules.
27. obligate aerobe - organism that requires a constant supply of oxygen in order to survive.
2. bacillus - rod-shaped prokaryote
3. bacteriophage - virus that infects bacteria.
4. binary fission - type of sexual reproduction in which an organism replicates its DNA and divides in half, producing two identical daughter cells.
5. capsid - outer protein coat of a virus.
6. chemoautotroph - organism that makes organic carbon molecules from carbon dioxide using energy from chemical reactions.
7. chemoheterotroph - organism that must take in organic molecules for both energy and carbon.
8. coccus - spherical prokaryote.
9. conjugation - form of sexual reproduction in which paramecia and some prokaryotes exchange genetic information.
10. endospore - type of spore formed when a bacterium produces a thick internal wall that encloses its DNA and a portion of its cytoplasm.
11. facultative anaerobe - organism that can survive with or without oxygen.
12. lysogenic infection - process by which a virus embeds its DNA in the DNA of a host cell and is replicated along with the host cell's DNA.
13. lytic infection - process in which a virus enters a cell, makes a copy of itself, and causes the cell to burst.
14. nitrogen fixation - process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia.
15. obligate anaerobe - organism that cannot live in the presence of oxygen.
16. pathogen - disease-causing agent.
17. photoheterotroph - organism that is photosynthetic but needs organic compounds as a carbon source.
18. prion - infectious particle made up of protein rather than RNA or DNA.
19. prokaryote - unicellular organism lacking a nucleus.
20. prophage - the viral DNA that is embedded in the host cell's DNA.
21. retrovirus - virus that contains RNA as its genetic information.
22. spirillium - spiral or corkscrew-shaped prokaryote.
23. vaccine - a preparation of weakened or killed pathogens.
24. viroid - single-stranded RNA molecule that has no surrounding capsids.
25. virus - particle made up of nucleic acid, protein, and in some cases lipids that can replicate only by infecting living cells.
26. photoautotroph - organism that uses sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbon molecules.
27. obligate aerobe - organism that requires a constant supply of oxygen in order to survive.